mckibbin



(No Model.)

G. N. MGKIBBIN.

OIL DISTRIBUTING CARTRIDGE AND PROJEGTILB. No. 402,345. Patented Apr. 30, 1889.

fig: 1.

Attorney.

N. vzyznsl Photo-Lithographer. Wafllington. 04 Q UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE N. MOKIBBIN, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y.

OIL-DISTRIBUTING CARTRIDGE AND PROJECTILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 402,345, dated April 30, 1889. Application filed December 7, 1888- Serial No. 292,876. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE N. MOKIBBIN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Oil-Distributing Cartridges and Projectiles, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to means for distributing oil on the surface of rough water in order to subdue the power of the waves, and especially in effecting such distribution from the deck of a vessel.

The object of the invention is to provide a means whereby the oil to be distributed may be thrown on the water ata considerable distance from the vessel.

In carrying out my invention I employ a projectile to be fired from a gun either through the agency of an explosive, compressed gases, or a spring, and I prefer to use for the purpose a'repeatersuch as a WVinchester, a Maxim gun, a mitrailleuse, &c.as by this means many small charges of oil may be thrown out in different directions. I inclose the oil in an oil-proof receptacle which will have, preferably, the form of a deep cylindrical cup with a loose cap or cover on its forward end that will be held in place by the pressure of the atmosphere while the projectile is in transit, but will drop off when the projectile falls into the water, and thus allow the oil toflow out. The projectile will usually be light and the projecting force comparatively feeble, as it is not desirable that the projectile shall be thrown to a very great distance.

For a better understanding of the details of my invention reference may be had to the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a cartridge for a Winchester repeating shotgun embodying my improvements, and Fig. 1 is a View of the base of the cartridge-shell. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the, oil receptacle or holder of the projectile, showing the base thereof. Fig. 3 is a similar view of said holder, showing the open front end of same. Fig. 3 is a perspective View of the conical cap of the projectile detached. Fig. 4 is a view illustrating another form of the centering-guide at the base of the projectile. Fig. 5 is a sectional view, similar to Fig. 1, illustrating another form of centering-guide for the projectile and another form of cap therefor.

a represents substantially the ordinary form of central-fire shell for a Winchester repeating shotgun. These shells are too Well known to require a minute description. In Figs. 1 and 5 the base of the shell is represented in elevation.

1) represents the powder in the powderchamber, and c the wad over the powder.

d is the holder or receptacle for the oil. I prefer to construct this holder in the form of a deep cylindrical cup, somewhat less in diameter than the barrel of shell o and provided at its base with a centering-guide which keeps the holder d, when inserted in shell a, axially or centrally situated with regard to the shell. In Figs. 1 and 2 this centering-guide is represented as formed of two crossed Wires, d d secured to the base of holder (1 by means of a piece of cloth or paper placed over them where they intersect and cemented to the holder.

In Fig. 4 another form. of guide is shown. This consists of a triple-branched plate secured in a manner similar to that described. Any centering guide of a similar nature may be used. The centering of the holder in the shell of greater diameter leaves an empty annular space between the two.

The holder 01 may be made of any suitable material. I prefer to employ tough thick paper coated with chrome gelatine. This chrome-gelatine may be prepared by dissolving gelatine in the usual way and then adding to the solution about ten per cent. of an aqueous saturated solution of bichromate of potash. \Vhen coated with this substance, dried, and exposed to light, the holder is perfectly air and oil tight.

hen the holder d has been placed in the cavity of the shell a and filled with oil, the

conical cap 6 is placed over its open front end. This cap may be made of the same material as the holder (1, and when in place it closes the open end of the holder and fits about the exterior margin of its base tightly within-the barrel of the shell a. It willbe cemented tightly to the barrel of the shell,

ment. This construction prevents the premature droppingoff of the cap while the pro jectile is in transit. The object of fastening the cap to the shell at its margin is merely to keep it in place and to prevent the oil that may escape into the space about the holder from escaping from the shell while the cartridges are stored away or being handled.

In order that the holder (1 may be slightly heavier at its front end, so that it will be less likely to turn over in its flight, I-prefer to fix in the open mouth of said holder a metal bridge-piece, g. (Seen best in Fig. 3.) This weight may have almost any form, so long as it will not materially obstruct the outflow of oil from the holder, and will provide a weight equally disposed axially about the holder.

The cartridge constructed as above described will be fired from a gun in the usual manner employed with projectiles. The proj ectile, comprising holder d, the oil contained therein, and cap 6, is thrown or projected out onto the Water to a distance corresponding, of course, to the projecting force and the weight of the projectile. The cap 6 keeps the holder (1 closed until the projectile falls on the water, where the cap drops off and allows the oil to escape and spread itself over the surface of r the water.

I prefer to employ paper or other light nonmetallic material for the projectile for the sake of economy; but metal may be used. The holder should be sufficiently stiff and strong to prevent its being crushed or collapsed by the force of the explosion in firing, and the cap should be so loosely fitted that it will drop off readily when the projectile falls. It is desirable that the oil should escape at once when the projectile strikes the water.

In Fig. 5 I have shown a cap, e, constructed from felt, papier-mach, or the like, with a convex outer face and recessed on its inner face to receive the outer end of holder d. This cap will. be rendered oil-proof and be cemented to shell a, as in the case of the conical cap before described. I have also shown in this view another form of centering-guide for holder d. In this case the wad 0, covering the powder, will. have a recess pressed or otherwise formed in it to receive the base of the holder cl, and thus keep the latter properly centered in the shell.

I have shown my projectile in. connection The object in mak-v with a cartridge-shell adapted for use with powder as a projecting agent but other agents may be employedas compressed air, for example.

In Fig. 1 I have shown the loosely-fitting conical cap 6 provided with a partition, 6*, merely to prevent the oil from flowing into said cap. The cap might be solid if made of light material. It is preferable to fill the holder cl full of oil, and I prefer to stand the cartridges on end,base down, in storing them for use. l

I am aware that it is not new to inclose an open ended oil-receptacle in a cartridge-shell and to keep said receptacle or holder closed and in place by means of a disk permanently secured to and forming a part of the shell. In using such cartridges the oil-holder forces or tears its way through said disk and the pressure of the air is relied on to keep the oil from escaping while the holder is in transit. My ,cap 0 is a part of the holder or projectile, and remains intact and goes with the holder when the cartridge is fired. The margin or edge of the cap breaks loose from the cartridge-shell, to which it is cemented, when the cartridge is fired.

Having thus described my invention, 1

claim-- 1. As a means of distributing oil on rough water, the combination, with an inclosingshell, of a projectile containing oil within said shell, said projectile comprising an oilholder in the form of a cup, and a looselyfitting cap, which closes the mouth of said holder, and which embraces the forward end of the holder, so that it may not slip off laterally while the cartridge is in transit, said cap being cemented at its margin to the inclosing-shell to prevent leakage of the oil, as set forth.

2. As a means of distributing oil on rough water, the combination, with a cartridgeshell containing an explosive charge, of a projectile within said shell containing oil,

said projectile comprising an oil-holder in theform of a cup, and a loosely-fitting cap, which closes the mouth of said holder, and which embraces the forward end of the holder, so that it may not slip off laterally while in transit, said cap being cemented at its margin to the cartridgeshell.

3. As a means of distributing oil on rough water, the combination, with the cylindrical cartridge-shell, of the projectile consisting of the oil-holder having a less exterior diameter than the interior diameter of the inclosing-shell, said holder being provided with a centering-guide at its base, and the conical cap, which closes the said holder at its forward end and projects over and houses the end of the holder and is cemented at its margin to the shell, as and for the purposes set forth.

4. An oil-projectile consisting of an elongated cup-like holder for the oil, provided my name in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

GEORGE N. MCKIBBIN.

lVitnesses:

HENRY CONNETT, J. D. OOPLINGER. 

